Oversize Cargo Transportation
Large cargo transportation refers to the transportation of overloaded and bulky goods. The transportation of bulky, heavy and indivisible goods. The volume and mass of large cargoes exceed the allowable loading volume and mass of ordinary trucks, and some even exceed the specified limits of highway alignment and bridge and culvert capacity. Therefore, certain engineering technology and transportation organization measures must be taken during transportation. When transporting large cargo by automobile, the total mass and overall dimension of the vehicle and cargo exceed the specified limits of the highway, so it is necessary to report to the relevant departments and take necessary engineering technology and transportation organization measures.
For the goods transported by sea, if the weight of a single piece is too heavy to be loaded and unloaded with general cargo lifting equipment, or the size of a single piece is in terms of volume: including the three super large pieces of super height, super width and super length, and the logistics of ordinary large volume goods with irregular volume. In terms of weight, it mainly refers to the logistics of overweight goods. As a result, it is subject to certain restrictions in loading, which is called heavy or long goods, also known as heavy goods, such as rails, locomotives, high-pressure containers, etc. The standards for weight and length of a single piece of heavy cargo vary from route to route and from port to port.
These heavy cargoes are difficult to be carried by ordinary container ships or bulk carriers, but should be carried by special transport ships with super heavy boom equipment, super thick deck, special stability system and the ability to handle super wide and super long heavy cargoes, such as special Ro / Ro ships, heavy crane ships, semi submersible ships, etc.
There is no clear and unified standard for the definition of large cargo. With the change of times, the contemporary global shipping industry usually divides large cargo into: less than 600 tons; 600-1000 tons; More than 1000 tons. However, this classification does not take into account the volume of goods and the characteristics of different goods, and container freight forwarders also believe that it has no practical significance.
Generally speaking, the transportation of large cargoes, such as large equipment, is complex. Some parts are large in volume and tonnage, so they cannot be transported in general containers, while some parts can be transported in containers.
1、RORO AND CONTAINER
This kind of equipment generally adopts RO and container, which can load large parts and containers at the same time. It is also an ideal ship type for many large equipment transportation.
2、BOLSTER FLATBED
This equipment is applicable to large components with a length of less than 4 meters and a weight of less than 28 tons. Because the crane lifts the goods to the flat plate, the lifting height is not more than 1 meter, which can avoid the goods damage caused by swing and overturn during the lifting process. Then, special nylon tape is used, and its rigidity is equal to that of steel wire rope. However, compared with steel wire rope, it can greatly reduce the wear on the surface of goods; Fix the goods on the flat plate, and transport the goods into the cabin by forklift through the stern jump of the ship.
3. Rolltrainer equipment
Rolltrainer equipment is suitable for transporting very heavy and large goods. Theoretically, it can carry goods up to 120 tons with a length of 25 meters. Due to the limitations of the tail jump bearing capacity and the transport capacity of the towing head, the actual bearing capacity will be smaller. Rolltrainer is transported into the hold by the self-propelled tug through the stern jump of the ship, which can realize zero damage of cargo.
In the process of large cargo transportation by sea, due to the impact of the sea waves and the influence of the sea wind, the carrying ship will sway with the wind, and the large objects carried by the ship will also move to a certain extent. When the moving range and speed are too large, the safety of the ship will be threatened. Therefore, it is very important to do a good job in binding the large objects. In practical operation, the obligation of cargo binding is generally completed by the shipper. In view of the high value of large cargo and high transportation risk, the shipper usually entrusts the marine warranty surveyor (MWS) to guide and review the cargo binding according to the characteristics of the ship and cargo.
Sea transportation is a special mode of transportation. Large goods have a large volume, so they should be more strict in logistics warehousing management and logistics management services.
